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BOLO June

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Month-by-month lists of common plant diseases, pests, and other problems you may encounter in North Carolina yards and gardens.

Back to BOLO list of months.

Turfgrasses

Brown patch (fescue/ryegrass)

Dollar spot (Kentucky bluegrass/ryegrass)

Fairy ring (all turfgrasses)

Leaf spot caused by Bipolaris/Drechslera (bluegrasses/bermudagrass)

Red thread (Kentucky bluegrass/fescue/ryegrass)

Rust (Kentucky bluegrass/fescue/St. Augustinegrass/zoysiagrass)

Summer Patch (Kentucky bluegrass/fine fescue)

Chinch bugs (St. Augustinegrass)

Woody Ornamentals

General: Slime mold on mulch in landscape beds

Multiple hosts: Phytophthora root rot, Armillaria root rot, Botryosphaeria dieback, sooty mold, improper planting, cold injury (loose bark on stems), herbicide injury, overfertilization

Multiple shrub species: root-knot nematodes

Arborvitae: Phytophthora root rot, Armillaria root rot, Arborvitae leafminer adults (Argyresthia thuiella)

Azalea: Phytophthora root rot, Armillaria root rot, Exobasidium leaf gall, Phomopsis dieback, stunt nematode, Azalea prominent caterpillars (Datana major; just hatching/young) 

Black cherry: black knot

Boxwood: Phytophthora root rot, boxwood blight, nematodes (lesion, root-knot, spiral)

Camellia: Glomerella canker, Phytophthora root rot

Cherry-laurel: shot-hole, Botryosphaeria canker/dieback

Crabapple: fire blight, powdery mildew, cedar-apple rust

Dogwood, flowering: powdery mildew, spot anthracnose on leaves, Septoria leaf spot

Elm: Dutch elm disease on American and winged elms, black spot

English Ivy: anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot

Euonymus: powdery mildew

Gardenia: cold injury, root-knot nematode, Phytophthora root rot

Indian hawthorn: Entomosporium leaf spot

Japanese holly: black root rot, Armillaria root rot, Botryosphaeria canker/dieback

Junipers: Phytophthora root rot (except Eastern red cedar), Armillaria root rot, Annosum root rot, Phomopsis tip blight

Leucothoë: powdery mildew – note red spots on top of infected leaves

Leyland cypress: Phytophthora root rot, Armillaria root rot, Cypress (Seiridium) canker, Botryosphaeria canker/dieback, algae on foliage, internal browning

Loropetalum: bacterial gall (knot), Cercospora (Pseudocercospora) leaf spot

Magnolia, Southern: algal leaf spot

Maple: anthracnose, Phyllosticta leaf spot

Oaks: oak leaf blister (Taphrina) lesions turning brown, anthracnose (Discula, Apiognomonia), Tubakia leaf spot, slime flux (mainly on oak but can occur on maple, elm, hickory, and some other hardwoods), branch pruning by squirrels

Pear, flowering: cedar-quince rust, fire blight

Redbud: Cercospora (Passalora) leaf spot

Red-tip photinia: Entomosporium leaf spot

Rhododendron: Phytophthora root rot, Armillaria root rot, Exobasidium leaf gall, Botryosphaeria canker/dieback

Rose: Armillaria root rot, common canker, crown gall, black spot, Cercospora (Rosisphaerella) leaf spot, powdery mildew, rose rosette, rose mosaic

Serviceberry (Amelanchier): rust (Gymnosporangium sp.) on fruits and twig swellings

Spiraea: powdery mildew

Spruce: Stigmina needle blight, Rhizosphaera needle cast

Sycamore: anthracnose

Herbaceous Ornamentals (Perennials, Bedding Plants)

Multiple hosts: Pythium root and/or crown rot, herbicide injury, powdery mildew, Rhizoctonia root/stem/crown rot, Southern stem blight (Sclerotium rolfsii), root-knot nematodes, overfertilization

Begonia: Pythium root rot, root-knot nematode

Coreopsis: powdery mildew

Daylily: leaf streak

Hollyhock: rust

Impatiens: Rhizoctonia crown/stem blight, Pythium root rot, root-knot nematode, downy mildew

Iris: Heterosporium (Cladosporium) leaf spot, bacterial soft rot

Liriope: anthracnose on leaf tips, Fusarium crown rot, Phytophthora root, and crown rot

Monarda: powdery mildew

Peony: leaf blotch (measles), ring spot (Tobacco rattle virus)

Petunia: Phytophthora crown/stem rot, Rhizoctonia stem rot

Rudbeckia: Septoria leaf spot, downy mildew

Vinca, annual (Catharanthus): Phytophthora root rot and aerial blight, Rhizoctonia aerial blight

Zinnia: powdery mildew, Alternaria leaf spot, bacterial leaf spot

Fruits & Nuts

Multiple hosts: Herbicide injury, hail damage, drought stress

Apple: cedar-apple rust, fire blight, Marssonina leaf blotch, black rot / frog-eye leaf spot

Blackberry: cane blight, rust diseases, virus diseases

Blueberry: Botryosphaeria stem blight, Phytophthora root rot, Exobasidium leaf, and fruit spot

Cherry and plum: black knot

Grape, bunch: downy mildew, anthracnose, black rot (fruit), herbicide injury

Grape, muscadine: black rot (leaves), herbicide injury

Mulberry: Mycosphaerella leaf spot

Peach: scab, brown rot (fruit phase), plum curculio

Pear: cedar-quince rust, fire blight, Fabraea leaf spot

Vegetables and Herbs

Multiple hosts: herbicide injury, Pythium root rot, and damping-off, root-knot nematodes, Rhizoctonia stem/crown rot, Southern stem blight (Sclerotium rolfsii), overfertilization, nutrient deficiencies, poor fruit set due to high temperatures

Beans: Rhizoctonia stem rot/damping off, Pythium root rot/damping off

Cucurbits: downy mildew, powdery mildew (esp. squash, pumpkin), anthracnose, Fusarium wilt, gummy stem blight (esp. watermelon), Choanephora fruit rot, aphid-borne viruses, root-knot nematode

Pepper: bacterial spot, Tomato spotted wilt virus, blossom-end rot

Potato: late blight [though we have no records from home garden potatoes]

Sweet corn: corn smut (Ustilago maydis)

Tomato: blossom-end rot, bacterial wilt, bacterial spot, Septoria leaf spot, Fusarium wilt (esp. heirloom varieties), early blight, late blight, Southern stem blight (Sclerotium rolfsii), Pythium root rot/damping off, root-knot nematode, Tomato spotted wilt virus, magnesium deficiency, growth cracks

Arthropods of the General Landscape

Wheel bugs (nymphs)

Southeastern subterranean termite swarmers (Reticulitermes virginicus)

May beetles (Phyllophaga spp.; typically at lights)

Green June beetles (Cotinis nitida; may attack ripe fruit)

Two-lined spittlebug (adults; often on hollies)

Arthropods Associated with Multiple Plants

Planthopper nymphs (Flatidae & Acanaloniidae)

Two-banded Japanese weevils

Fall webworms

Japanese beetle (particularly roses and grapes)

Bagworms (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis; young & older larvae present)